How to calculate Scope 3.11 emissions

Scope 3 emissions include indirect emissions across the value chain that are not directly controlled by a company — for example, upstream supplier processes or the downstream use of sold products. For manufacturing companies, Scope 3 emissions are especially relevant as they often make up the majority of a company’s CO₂ footprint and encompass emissions across the entire value chain. This also includes so-called downstream activities, which refer to emissions that occur after the product is sold — such as those generated during product use by customers. Emissions from category 3.11 fall under this group.
What are Scope 3.11 emissions?
Scope 3.11 refers to emissions generated throughout a product’s lifetime during its use phase — for example, from the energy consumed while operating a machine or vehicle.
These use-phase emissions are broken down into a. direct use-phase emissions and b. indirect use-phase emissions:
- Direct use-phase emissions: Emissions from direct energy consumption such as fuel or electricity, as well as from products that emit or contain gases during their use.
- Indirect use-phase emissions: Emissions associated with indirect energy or electricity consumption required to use the product.
Different calculation methods apply depending on whether the emissions are direct or indirect.
How to calculate emissions for different product types
1. Products with direct energy consumption
This includes products that consume energy (fuel or electricity) directly during use. To calculate Scope 3.11 emissions, companies multiply the number of product uses over its lifetime by the quantity sold and the emissions factor per use.
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